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Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral

by Phillis Wheatley

Length: 14,296 words, about 57 pages, about 1 hour to read

Poetry

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What it is

Phillis Wheatley’s only published collection of poetry.

The best passages

Pages from the book itself, chosen to make you want to read on. Each opens in the reader at that exact spot.

To Maecenas

Maecenas, you, beneath the myrtle shade, Read o’er what poets sung, and shepherds play’d. What felt those poets but you feel the same? Does not your soul possess the sacred flame? Their noble strains your equal genius shares In softer language, and diviner airs.

While Homer paints, lo! circumfus’d in air, Celestial Gods in mortal forms appear; Swift as they move hear each recess rebound, Heav’n quakes, earth trembles, and the shores resound. Great Sire of verse, before my mortal eyes, The lightnings blaze across the vaulted skies, And, as the thunder shakes the heav’nly plains, A deep felt horror thrills through all my veins. When gentler strains demand thy graceful song, The length’ning line moves languishing along. When great Patroclus courts Achilles’ aid, The grateful tribute of my tears is paid; Prone on the shore he feels the pangs of love, And stern Pelides tend’rest passions move.

Great Maro’s strain in heav’nly numbers flows, The Nine inspire, and all the bosom glows. O could I rival thine and Virgil’s page, Or claim the Muses with the Mantuan Sage; Soon the same beauties should my mind adorn, And the same ardors in my soul should burn: Then should my song in bolder notes arise, And all my numbers pleasingly surprise; But here I sit, and mourn a grov’ling mind, That fain would mount, and ride upon the wind.

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To the University of Cambridge, in New-England

While an intrinsic ardor prompts to write, The muses promise to assist my pen; ’Twas not long since I left my native shore The land of errors, and Egyptian gloom: Father of mercy, ’twas thy gracious hand Brought me in safety from those dark abodes.

Students, to you ’tis giv’n to scan the heights Above, to traverse the ethereal space, And mark the systems of revolving worlds. Still more, ye sons of science ye receive The blissful news by messengers from heav’n, How Jesus’ blood for your redemption flows. See him with hands out-stretcht upon the cross; Immense compassion in his bosom glows; He hears revilers, nor resents their scorn: What matchless mercy in the Son of God! When the whole human race by sin had fall’n, He deign’d to die that they might rise again, And share with him in the sublimest skies, Life without death, and glory without end.

Improve your privileges while they stay, Ye pupils, and each hour redeem, that bears Or good or bad report of you to heav’n. Let sin, that baneful evil to the soul, By you be shun’d, nor once remit your guard; Suppress the deadly serpent in its egg. Ye blooming plants of human race divine, An Ethiop tells you ’tis your greatest foe; Its transient sweetness turns to endless pain, And in immense perdition sinks the soul.

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To the King’s Most Excellent Majesty. 1768

Your subjects hope, dread Sire⁠— The crown upon your brows may flourish long, And that your arm may in your God be strong! O may your sceptre num’rous nations sway, And all with love and readiness obey!

But how shall we the British king reward! Rule thou in peace, our father, and our lord! Midst the remembrance of thy favours past, The meanest peasants most admire the last. May George, beloved by all the nations round, Live with heav’ns choicest constant blessings crown’d! Great God, direct, and guard him from on high, And from his head let ev’ry evil fly! And may each clime with equal gladness see A monarch’s smile can set his subjects free!

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Goliath of Gath

Now front to front the armies were display’d, Here Israel rang’d, and there the foes array’d; The hosts on two opposing mountains stood, Thick as the foliage of the waving wood; Between them an extensive valley lay, O’er which the gleaming armour pour’d the day, When from the camp of the Philistine foes, Dreadful to view, a mighty warrior rose; In the dire deeds of bleeding battle skill’d, The monster stalks the terror of the field. From Gath he sprung, Goliath was his name, Of fierce deportment, and gigantic frame: A brazen helmet on his head was plac’d, A coat of mail his form terrific grac’d, The greaves his legs, the targe his shoulders prest: Dreadful in arms high-tow’ring o’er the rest A spear he proudly wav’d, whose iron head, Strange to relate, six hundred shekels weigh’d; He strode along, and shook the ample field, While Phoebus blaz’d refulgent on his shield: Through Jacob’s race a chilling horror ran, When thus the huge, enormous chief began:

“Say, what the cause that in this proud array “You set your battle in the face of day? “One hero find in all your vaunting train, “Then see who loses, and who wins the plain; “For he who wins, in triumph may demand “Perpetual service from the vanquish’d land: “Your armies I defy, your force despise, “By far inferior in Philistia’s eyes: “Produce a man, and let us try the fight, “Decide the contest, and the victor’s right.”

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To the Right Honourable William, Earl of Dartmouth, His Majesty’s Principal Secretary of State for North-America, etc.

Hail, happy day, when, smiling like the morn, Fair Freedom rose New-England to adorn: The northern clime beneath her genial ray, Dartmouth, congratulates thy blissful sway: Elate with hope her race no longer mourns, Each soul expands, each grateful bosom burns, While in thine hand with pleasure we behold The silken reins, and Freedom’s charms unfold. Long lost to realms beneath the northern skies She shines supreme, while hated faction dies: Soon as appear’d the Goddess long desir’d, Sick at the view, she languish’d and expir’d; Thus from the splendors of the morning light The owl in sadness seeks the caves of night.

No more, America, in mournful strain Of wrongs, and grievance unredress’d complain, No longer shalt thou dread the iron chain, Which wanton Tyranny with lawless hand Had made, and with it meant t’ enslave the land.

Should you, my lord, while you peruse my song, Wonder from whence my love of Freedom sprung, Whence flow these wishes for the common good, By feeling hearts alone best understood, I, young in life, by seeming cruel fate Was snatch’d from Afric’s fancy’d happy seat: What pangs excruciating must molest, What sorrows labour in my parent’s breast? Steel’d was that soul and by no misery mov’d That from a father seiz’d his babe belov’d: Such, such my case. And can I then but pray Others may never feel tyrannic sway?

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10 of the best lines

But here I sit, and mourn a grov’ling mind, That fain would mount, and ride upon the wind.

To MaecenasKeep reading from here

Suppress the deadly serpent in its egg.

To the University of Cambridge, in New-EnglandKeep reading from here

Some view our sable race with scornful eye, “Their colour is a diabolic die.”

On Being Brought from Africa to AmericaKeep reading from here

Remember, Christians, Negroes, black as Cain, May be refin’d, and join th’ angelic train.

On Being Brought from Africa to AmericaKeep reading from here

When wants and woes might be our righteous lot, Our God forgetting, by our God forgot!

Thoughts on the Works of ProvidenceKeep reading from here

Night’s leaden sceptre seals my drowsy eyes, Then cease, my song, till fair Aurora rise.

An Hymn to the EveningKeep reading from here

Now here, now there, the roving Fancy flies, Till some lov’d object strikes her wand’ring eyes,

On ImaginationKeep reading from here

Imagination! who can sing thy force? Or who describe the swiftness of thy course?

On ImaginationKeep reading from here

Steel’d was that soul and by no misery mov’d That from a father seiz’d his babe belov’d:

To the Right Honourable William, Earl of Dartmouth, His Majesty’s Principal Secretary of State for North-America, etc.Keep reading from here

Such, such my case. And can I then but pray Others may never feel tyrannic sway?

To the Right Honourable William, Earl of Dartmouth, His Majesty’s Principal Secretary of State for North-America, etc.Keep reading from here

All 14 Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral quotes, with the words around each

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Contents

All 66 parts
  1. Preface
  2. Letter to the Publisher
  3. To Maecenas
  4. On Virtue
  5. To the University of Cambridge, in New-England
  6. To the King’s Most Excellent Majesty. 1768
  7. On Being Brought from Africa to America
  8. On the Death of the Rev. Dr. Sewell. 1769
  9. On the Death of the Rev. Mr. George Whitefield. 1770
  10. On the Death of a Young Lady of Five Years of Age
  11. On the Death of a Young Gentleman
  12. To a Lady on the Death of Her Husband
  13. Goliath of Gath
  14. Thoughts on the Works of Providence
  15. To a Lady on the Death of Three Relations
  16. To a Clergyman on the Death of His Lady
  17. An Hymn to the Morning
  18. An Hymn to the Evening
  19. Isaiah 63:1–8
  20. On Recollection
  21. On Imagination
  22. A Funeral Poem on the Death of C. E. An Infant of Twelve Months
  23. To Captain H⸺d, of the 65th Regiment
  24. To the Right Honourable William, Earl of Dartmouth, His Majesty’s Principal Secretary of State for North-America, etc.
  25. Ode to Neptune
  26. Chapter I
  27. Chapter II
  28. Chapter III
  29. To a Lady on Her Coming to North-America with Her Son, for the Recovery of Her Health
  30. To a Lady on Her Remarkable Preservation in an Hurricane in North-Carolina
  31. To a Lady and Her Children, on the Death of Her Son and Their Brother
  32. To a Gentleman and Lady on the Death of the Lady’s Brother and Sister, and a Child of the Name of Avis, Aged One Year
  33. On the Death of Dr. Samuel Marshall. 1771
  34. To a Gentleman on His Voyage to Great-Britain for the Recovery of His Health
  35. To the Rev. Dr. Thomas Amory, on Reading His Sermons on Daily Devotion, in Which That Duty Is Recommended and Assisted
  36. On the Death of J. C. An Infant
  37. An Hymn to Humanity
  38. Chapter I
  39. Chapter II
  40. Chapter III
  41. Chapter IV
  42. Chapter V
  43. Chapter VI
  44. To the Honourable T. H. Esq.; On the Death of His Daughter
  45. Niobe in Distress for Her Children Slain by Apollo, from Ovid’s Metamorphoses, Book VI and from a View of the Painting of Mr. Richard Wilson
  46. To S. M. A Young African Painter, on Seeing His Works
  47. To His Honour the Lieutenant-Governor, on the Death of His Lady. March 24, 1773
  48. A Farewel to America. To Mrs. S. W.
  49. Chapter I
  50. Chapter II
  51. Chapter III
  52. Chapter IV
  53. Chapter V
  54. Chapter VI
  55. Chapter VII
  56. Chapter VIII
  57. Chapter IX
  58. Chapter X
  59. Chapter XI
  60. Chapter XII
  61. Chapter XIII
  62. A Rebus, by I. B.
  63. Chapter I
  64. Chapter II
  65. Chapter III
  66. An Answer to the Rebus, by the Author of These Poems

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Text from Standard Ebooks. Standard Ebooks dedicate their edition to the public domain (CC0 1.0). Every passage and line on this page is the book's own words, checked against the text.